Effects of Singing on the Vocabulary Acquisition of University Japanese Foreign Language Students

Research shows that there is a relationship between music and memory (Salcedo, 2002). This study examined the effects of singing on the acquisition of foreign language vocabulary. There were approximately 30 students participating from two sections of a Japanese foreign language class at the University of Kansas. All were in their third semester of Japanese language instruction. An experimental group was taught vocabulary along with a melody, whereas a control group was not exposed to the melody. Specifically, the dependent measure compared the number of items that the experimental and control groups correctly recognized on tests. The participants took a pretest and two posttests of their knowledge on transitive and intransitive verbs. After conducting a pilot study, a decision was made for the present study to lengthen the amount of time between the two posttests since the pilot study results were trending towards significance for the second posttest. The present study results showed statistically significant differences between the two groups on their delayed recognition, but no difference on their immediate recognition. Students in the singing group completed a questionnaire that was intended to obtain their perceptions about the effectiveness of lessons with music. Students reported that they enjoyed them and experienced the Din effect. This study found that singing could be an effective learning source for vocabulary acquisition. Implications for teaching and research are explored

Child Naming Practice and Changing Trends in Modern Japan

Given name is a cultural component that reflects family life. The present study is a literature-based research on newborn baby naming practice in Japan from 1912-2018. Based on existing literatures on naming, examples and surveys on given names, an overview of a naming pattern in Japan is presented and discussed within a sociocultural framework. Historical observations of baby names include popular female and male names and their recent trends. The study also shows that in Japan computerization has changed learning method, information transmission method and communication modes, and that digital natives name their children in different ways than older generations

Study on the difficulties experienced in daily life by esophageal cancer patients who underwent esophagectomy

本研究の目的は,食道がん切除術を受け,自宅で生活する患者が直面している生活上の困難及びそれらへの対処の実態を明らかにすることである｡対象は,研究参加へ同意が得られた12名の外来通院中の患者とした｡対象12名の食道再建経路は, 6名が胸壁前皮下経路,6名が後縦隔経路であった｡患者の許可を得て録音した面接内容を逐語訳し,内容分析の手法を用いて質的･帰納的分析を行った｡その結果,患者は術式に関係なく,【予想をはるかに超えて苦痛と化した摂食行動】および【生活圏の狭小化】の2つの困難を抱えていることが明らかとなった｡患者は,前者には≪生きるために自分に見合った食べ方を体得する≫ ことで,後者には,≪命と引き換えに変化を受け入れる≫≪時間をかけて変化に慣れる≫ ことで対処し,術後の生活を再構築していた。The purpose of this study is to clarify the difficulties faced in daily life by patients who have undergone esophagectomy due to esophageal cancer and now reside at home, as well as the actual conditions how to cope with such difficulties. 12 patients gave their consent to participate in the study, and semi-structured interview was conducted using open-ended questions. 6 of them had undergone reconstruction of the esophagus via the subcutaneous route anterior to the thoracic wall, and the other 6 via the posterior mediastinal route. The contents of the recorded interviews were transcribed into verbatim record, and a qualitative, inductive analysis was conducted using the content analysis method. As a result, it was found that the patients were suffering from two difficulties: "that eating activities had become a far greater hardship than had been expected" and "the narrowing of social life". Patients experiencing the former difficulty dealt with it by "learning eating methods suited to them personally in order to survive" and patients experiencing the latter difficulty dealt with it by "accepting the change to save their life" or "becoming accustomed to the change slowly", and then restructure their postoperative lives

Widely Extended [OIII] 88 um Line Emission around the 30 Doradus Region Revealed with AKARI FIS-FTS

We present the distribution map of the far-infrared [OIII] 88um line emission around the 30 Doradus (30 Dor) region in the Large Magellanic Cloud obtained with the Fourier Transform Spectrometer of the Far-Infrared Surveyor onboard AKARI. The map reveals that the [OIII] emission is widely distributed by more than 10' around the super star cluster R136, implying that the 30 Dor region is affluent with interstellar radiation field hard enough to ionize O^{2+}. The observed [OIII] line intensities are as high as (1-2) x 10^{-6} W m^{-2} sr^{-1} on the peripheral regions 4'-5' away from the center of 30 Dor, which requires gas densities of 60-100 cm^{-3}. However the observed size of the distribution of the [OIII] emission is too large to be explained by massive stars in the 30 Dor region enshrouded by clouds with the constant gas density of 10^2 cm^{-3}. Therefore the surrounding structure is likely to be highly clumpy. We also find a global correlation between the [OIII] and the far-infrared continuum emission, suggesting that the gas and dust are well mixed in the highly-ionized region where the dust survives in clumpy dense clouds shielded from the energetic photons.Comment: 17 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan (PASJ

コウブンギ ノ ヒカク 二 モトヅイタ プログラム サブン ノ ヒョウジ ホウシキ

Void formation and structure change by heavy ion irradiation were investigated in GaSb and InSb thin films. The voids were formed after irradiation in both materials. The average diameter of the voids was about 15nm in GaSb and 20nm in InSb irradiated with 60 keV Snþ ions to a fluence of 0:25 x 1018 ions/m2 at room temperature. The void size in InSb is larger than that in GaSb. The large void size is quantitatively explained by the amount of induced vacancies obtained by the SRIM code simulation. The Debye-Scherrer rings were observed in the SAED patterns on both materials. The structure changes into a polycrystal by ion irradiation. Additionally, the 200 superlattice reflections in the [001] net pattern were almost absent, and the streak pattern along the h110i direction was observed in InSb. It is considered that the anti phase domains of different lengths are formed by ion irradiation. Ion irradiation transforms the structure of InSb from chemical ordering to chemical disordering via the formation of anti phase boundaries

Gross E esophageal atresia with unique course

The patient was a 15 months-old boy who had been diagnosed CHARGE syndrome, which is a multiple congenital anomaly syndrome caused by mutations in the CHD7 gene. Mechanical ventilation management was initiated 2 hours after birth for dysphagia and respiratory failure, and tracheotomy was performed 3 months after birth for dysphagia and failed extubation. He was repeatedly hospitalized due to pneuomoniae. Approximately 1 year after birth, the boy had two consecutive episodes of sudden ventilatory insufficiency while replacing the tracheotomy cannula. A bronchoscopic examination under general anesthesia revealed a tracheoesophageal fistula directly below the tracheostomy. The patient was diagnosed with Gross E esophageal atresia, and we speculated that the cannula migrated to the esophagus via the fistula during tracheostomy cannula replacement. Gross E esophageal atresia is a rare disease. Its diagnosis is often delayed, and it is discovered by recurrent pneumonia in many cases. A tracheoesophageal fistula may also be found in children with deformities of the respiratory system. Furthermore, tracheoesophageal fistulae are often found in the neck. Therefore, when sudden ventilatory insufficiency occurs in a child with a tracheostomy after replacing the tracheostomy cannula, caution must be exercised since the cannula may have migrated to the esophagus via a fistula

Combination of Donor Lymphocyte Infusion and Blinatumomab for B-Cell Lymphoblastic Lymphoma Relapse after Allogeneic Stem-Cell Transplantation

A woman in her forties with relapsed B-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma was treated with blinatumomab, but the drug proved ineffective. Salvage therapy with clofarabine induced a complete remission, and she received an allogeneic stem-cell transplantation (allo-SCT) from an HLA-matched sibling donor. However, her disease relapsed only 4 months after the allo-SCT. Three courses of combination therapy with donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) and blinatumomab were administered, and the tumor progression was well controlled for 6 months, leading to a second allo-SCT from an HLA-haploidentical donor. The remission was persistent for approximately 1 year, but the disease relapsed in her central nervous system, and she eventually died. Our case demonstrated the efficacy and safety of concomitant use of DLI and blinatumomab. This combination presumably enhanced a graft-versus-lymphoma effect of allogeneic T-cells without provoking graft-versus-host disease